HeyRuaHow to say “to harden” in Irish
- Irish:
- cruaigh
- English:
- to harden, toughen, become difficult
- Word type:
- verb, first-conjugation
- Verbal noun:
- cruachan (ag cruachan, hardening)
- Verbal adjective:
- cruaite
- Pronunciation:
- “kroo-ig” /kɾˠuəɟ/
What does “cruaigh” mean?
“Cruaigh” has three alternative meanings. The most common comes first.
- to harden
- To make something hard or to become hard, firm or stiff.Also: stiffen, toughen, set, firm up.
2 other meanings: toughen or become difficult
- 2to toughen
- To make a person tougher or less sensitive, or to become so.Also: harden, grow callous, inure.
- 3to become difficult
- To become harder or more severe, as with conditions or a situation.Also: get harder, intensify.
“Cruaigh” in the different tenses
Every form follows An Caighdeán Oifigiúil.
Aimsir Chaite (Past)
| Person | Positive | Negative | Question |
|---|---|---|---|
| mé (I) | Chruaigh méI hardened | Níor chruaigh méI did not harden | Ar chruaigh mé?Did I harden? |
| tú (you) | Chruaigh túYou hardened | Níor chruaigh túYou did not harden | Ar chruaigh tú?Did you harden? |
| sé / sí (he / she) | Chruaigh sé / síHe hardened | Níor chruaigh sé / síHe did not harden | Ar chruaigh sé / sí?Did he harden? |
| sinn (we) | ChruamarWe hardened | Níor chruamarWe did not harden | Ar chruamar?Did we harden? |
| sibh (you, plural) | Chruaigh sibhYou hardened | Níor chruaigh sibhYou did not harden | Ar chruaigh sibh?Did you harden? |
| siad (they) | Chruaigh siadThey hardened | Níor chruaigh siadThey did not harden | Ar chruaigh siad?Did they harden? |
| saorbhriathar (autonomous) | Cruadh | Níor cruadh | Ar cruadh? |
Aimsir Láithreach (Present)
| Person | Positive | Negative | Question |
|---|---|---|---|
| mé (I) | CruaimI harden | Ní chruaimI do not harden | An gcruaim?Do I harden? |
| tú (you) | Cruann túYou harden | Ní chruann túYou do not harden | An gcruann tú?Do you harden? |
| sé / sí (he / she) | Cruann sé / síHe hardens | Ní chruann sé / síHe does not harden | An gcruann sé / sí?Does he harden? |
| sinn (we) | CruaimidWe harden | Ní chruaimidWe do not harden | An gcruaimid?Do we harden? |
| sibh (you, plural) | Cruann sibhYou harden | Ní chruann sibhYou do not harden | An gcruann sibh?Do you harden? |
| siad (they) | Cruann siadThey harden | Ní chruann siadThey do not harden | An gcruann siad?Do they harden? |
| saorbhriathar (autonomous) | Cruaitear | Ní chruaitear | An gcruaitear? |
Aimsir Fháistineach (Future)
| Person | Positive | Negative | Question |
|---|---|---|---|
| mé (I) | Cruafaidh méI will harden | Ní chruafaidh méI will not harden | An gcruafaidh mé?Will I harden? |
| tú (you) | Cruafaidh túYou will harden | Ní chruafaidh túYou will not harden | An gcruafaidh tú?Will you harden? |
| sé / sí (he / she) | Cruafaidh sé / síHe will harden | Ní chruafaidh sé / síHe will not harden | An gcruafaidh sé / sí?Will he harden? |
| sinn (we) | CruafaimidWe will harden | Ní chruafaimidWe will not harden | An gcruafaimid?Will we harden? |
| sibh (you, plural) | Cruafaidh sibhYou will harden | Ní chruafaidh sibhYou will not harden | An gcruafaidh sibh?Will you harden? |
| siad (they) | Cruafaidh siadThey will harden | Ní chruafaidh siadThey will not harden | An gcruafaidh siad?Will they harden? |
| saorbhriathar (autonomous) | Cruafar | Ní chruafar | An gcruafar? |
Modh Coinníollach (Conditional)
| Person | Positive | Negative | Question |
|---|---|---|---|
| mé (I) | ChruafainnI would harden | Ní chruafainnI would not harden | An gcruafainn?Would I harden? |
| tú (you) | ChruafáYou would harden | Ní chruafáYou would not harden | An gcruafá?Would you harden? |
| sé / sí (he / she) | Chruafadh sé / síHe would harden | Ní chruafadh sé / síHe would not harden | An gcruafadh sé / sí?Would he harden? |
| sinn (we) | ChruafaimisWe would harden | Ní chruafaimisWe would not harden | An gcruafaimis?Would we harden? |
| sibh (you, plural) | Chruafadh sibhYou would harden | Ní chruafadh sibhYou would not harden | An gcruafadh sibh?Would you harden? |
| siad (they) | ChruafaidísThey would harden | Ní chruafaidísThey would not harden | An gcruafaidís?Would they harden? |
| saorbhriathar (autonomous) | Chruafaí | Ní chruafaí | An gcruafaí? |
“Cruaigh” in a sentence: Irish examples
Past, present, future and conditional, with a negative and a question.
Chruaigh an stroighin thar oíche.
The cement hardened overnight.
Cruann an chré sa teas.
The clay hardens in the heat.
Cruafaidh an saol thú.
Life will toughen you.
Chruafadh an sioc an talamh.
The frost would harden the ground.
Níor chruaigh an ghlóthach fós.
The jelly hasn't set yet.
Ar chruaigh an t-im sa chuisneoir?
Did the butter harden in the fridge?
Other verbs in Irish
More everyday Irish verbs to learn next.
To harden in Irish: frequently asked questions
What is the Irish for to harden?
The Irish for to harden is cruaigh (pronounced “kroo-ig”). It is a first-conjugation verb; the verbal noun is cruachan.
What is the verbal noun of cruaigh?
The verbal noun of cruaigh is cruachan, used after ag for the continuous: ag cruachan (hardening). The verbal adjective is cruaite.
How do you say cruaigh in the past and the future?
Past: Chruaigh mé; negative Níor chruaigh mé; question Ar chruaigh mé?. Future: Cruafaidh mé; negative Ní chruafaidh mé; question An gcruafaidh mé?.
What is the modh coinníollach of cruaigh?
The conditional (modh coinníollach) first person is Chruafainn (I would harden); negative Ní chruafainn; question An gcruafainn?.
Does cruaigh have more than one meaning?
Yes. Cruaigh can mean to harden, to toughen or to become difficult, depending on context; the first is the most common.
What is the opposite of 'cruaigh'?
The usual opposite is 'bog', to soften, as in 'Bhog an t-im' (the butter softened).
