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Soil in Irish (Ithir): Meaning, Pronunciation, Usage

The Irish for soil is ithir, a feminine noun (plural ithreacha).
Updated October 2026Report a mistake

How to say “soil” in Irish

Irish:
ithir
English:
soil
Word type:
noun
Gender:
feminine, fifth declension
Pronunciation:
“IH-ir”  /ˈɪhəɾʲ/
Various forms
Plural:
ithreacha (soils)
Genitive singular:
ithreach, na hithreach (e.g. saibhreas na hithreach, the richness of the soil)
Genitive plural:
ithreacha, na n-ithreacha (e.g. anailís na n-ithreacha, the analysis of the soils)

What does “ithir” mean?

soil
The top layer of the earth in which plants grow; arable land or earth.Also: earth, topsoil, ground, arable land.

Other Irish words for soil: salaigh (dirty), úir (earth)

“Ithir” with the article

The plural of soil in Irish is ithreacha. Here is ithir after the article (an t-alt), in the singular and the plural.

an ithir
the soil
No change: feminine nouns starting with a vowel keep their form after an
na hithreacha
the soils
Plural: na adds h before a vowel

“Ithir” in a sentence: Irish examples

Common Irish sentences using ithir, the Irish word for soil.

Tá ithir mhaith sa ghairdín seo.
There is good soil in this garden.
Bhí an ithir fliuch tar éis na báistí.
The soil was wet after the rain.
Cuir na síolta san ithir san earrach.
Put the seeds in the soil in spring.
Tá torthúlacht na hithreach ag laghdú.
The fertility of the soil is decreasing.
Tá ithreacha éagsúla sa cheantar seo.
There are various soils in this area.
Fásann prátaí go maith in ithir éadrom.
Potatoes grow well in light soil.
Rinne an t-eolaí scrúdú ar an ithir.
The scientist examined the soil.

Other nouns in Irish

More everyday Irish nouns to learn next.

Soil in Irish: frequently asked questions

What is the Irish for soil?

The Irish for soil is ithir (pronounced “IH-ir”). It’s a feminine noun and the plural is ithreacha.

How do you pronounce ithir in Irish?

Ithir is said like “IH-ir” (IPA /ˈɪhəɾʲ/).

What is the plural of soil in Irish?

The plural of ithir is ithreacha; with the article, na hithreacha means “the soils”. The genitive plural is ithreacha, as in anailís na n-ithreacha (the analysis of the soils).

Why does ithir sometimes have a t or h in front of it?

Irish nouns beginning with a vowel take a prefix after certain words: an ithir (the soil), a hithir (her soil), a n-ithir (their soil), na hithreacha (the soils).

What is the difference between ithir and créafóg?

Ithir is soil in general, especially arable soil, while créafóg means clay or earth as material, and is often used of the earth of a grave.

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